Concern over the release of munitions constituents (MC) on ranges and the potential for off-site migration endangers the long-term sustainability of ranges. To ensure the long-term viability of operational ranges while protecting human health and the environment, SERDP and ESTCP have funded a significant body of basic and applied research to improve understanding of the MCs resulting from military training activities on ranges and to develop better sampling methodologies applicable for ranges, as well as technologies to treat or contain MCs in soil and groundwater.